48 pages • 1 hour read
Margaret VerbleA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Zookeeper Clive emerges from his cabin after several weeks of depression and illness. Clive accepts but does not fully understand the bouts of depression he struggles with; as an orphan, he can’t know if depression runs in his family. Clive’s traumatic experiences during the Great War also contribute to his fraught mental and physical states. Because his human attachments have been so fragile, Clive dedicates himself to animals. Clive helps Jack rescue a toy teddy bear stolen by a monkey and investigates the sickness of Dinah the hippopotamus with the help of his assistant manager, John Murkin.
Two writes a letter in the stables and Crawford enters, visibly upset. He reveals that his cousin Jimmy, an insurance salesman, was brutally beaten in a primarily black neighborhood. Crawford implies that the police refuse to help and that his family is trying to seek justice independently. Two thinks of the unsolved murders of Osage people near the 101 Ranch and understands their desperation. Crawford explains his family history: His grandfather was a white enslaver who freed his children and had them formally educated. Crawford is the only member of his family not to go to college.
As she prepares for her jump, Two scans the crowd, searching for a man who might be Strong-Red-Wolf. The sound of a dog barking startles Two, and she visualizes an oak tree, a buffalo herd, and a beaver to center herself. Two mounts Ocher, but the horse refuses to jump. As the crowd grows more rowdy, Two attempts to calm Ocher. The dog continues barking. Two forces Ocher off of the ledge, but she doesn’t jump far enough. Two notices the pool has become a whirlpool, and leaps off. Two and Ocher hit the pool violently.
Crawford is confused by the sudden vortex in the pool and runs toward it. One of the bleachers has collapsed, and patrons yell racial slurs at him as they try to escape. Crawford realizes that one of the caves under the park must have collapsed, swallowing up the pool, including Two and Ocher. He decides to enter the caves and search for Two. Crawford rides out into land once owned by his grandfather to search for the cave entrance. He is stopped by a violent white man, but quickly explains his purpose and secures his assistance.
Dinner at the Shackleford house is interrupted by news of the accident. Although Shackleford is initially skeptical, his wayward son Lewis explains that the park is built on a series of sinkholes and caves, rendering the landscape fragile. Shackleford remembers stories of earthquakes in the early 19th century that inspired religious movements. Crawford arrives and leads the Shacklefords—including James’s wife May and his sister Maggie, a famous suffragette—to the cave’s entrance. Although the women and Crawford arrive first, they wait for Lewis to lead the rescue mission.
When the men arrive, park manager Clive leads the digging. As he digs, Clive remembers digging trenches during the Great War. He begins singing to distract himself and the rest of the group. The singing rouses Two, who cries weakly for help. Clive hears her and climbs through a hole in the rock to reach her. He determines that her leg is broken, but is unsure whether she has internal injuries. Ocher is dead. Lewis sends Crawford to fetch a stretcher to remove Two. Clive secures Two’s leg and calms her to sleep. While waiting for help to arrive, Clive has a vision of his cousin Millwood, who was killed in the war.
When the fire department arrives, a debate emerges about which hospital Two should be taken to. The ambulance driver believes she will be rejected from the white hospital, but Shackleford’s wife insists the Black hospital isn’t suitable. Shackleford intervenes to have her seen at the white hospital. Mrs. Shackleford worries that Clive’s experience in the cave will send him into another depression. Clive takes a long bath in his cabin, draining and refilling the tub several times. While waiting for Two at the hospital, he observed an old woman being comforted by a spiritual presence, which he determines is the woman herself.
Despite promising his wife to visit Clive first thing, Shackleford spends his morning at his Nashville office before visiting the park in the afternoon. His first stop is the collapsed diving tank, which has been temporarily fenced off. He wonders whether he can rebuild the diving show, or whether a new attraction should be installed. He visits the hippopotamus, Dinah, where he finds Clive and a young assistant he introduces as Jack Older. Clive says Dinah is healthy, and that he plans to visit Two in the hospital soon. Shackleford reluctantly agrees to let Clive bring Crawford to the hospital.
Crawford drives Clive’s car to the hospital to visit Two. The white nurse is visibly upset at having to admit Crawford and reluctantly brings the men to a private room away from the other patients. Two bursts into tears when she sees the two men; Clive feels awkward, while Crawford comforts her. Two asks the men to help her leave the hospital. When Clive asks about her family, Two tells them not to call her parents and says that she prefers to recover at Glendale. Although she longs to be home, Two thinks that it would not be safe for her family to travel to Tennessee to retrieve her.
Clive visits Helen Hampton, the house mother responsible for chaperoning Two’s dormitory at Glendale, to convince her to give Two a new room on the first floor for her recovery. Knowing that Helen has a crush on him, Clive leads her into suggesting the idea herself. Clive sees a young Indigenous man standing below an oak tree outside the dormitory. However, Helen doesn’t seem to notice him. Clive accepts that he has started to see spirits. Later, he visits the Shackleford house and asks Mrs. Shackleford to convince her husband to let Two stay although she can no longer work.
When Crawford returns to pick up Two, Jack is with her. Jack escorts Two out of the hospital and watches as a nurse and Crawford struggle to put her wheelchair in the car. He considers a biological hierarchy of races and wonders if Two is less evolved than he is. Two is sick on the drive home. Privately, Jack is excited to see Two in such a vulnerable position. At Glendale, Helen waits for Clive to visit Two. When he doesn’t appear, she goes to find him. Clive spots her but worries that she’s another spirit. When he finally approaches her, he’s so relieved she’s a live human that he invites her to witness the appeal of the recent Scopes trial.
This section of When Two Feathers Fell From the Sky contains the novel’s inciting action—the sinkhole causing Two Feathers’s accident—which lays the groundwork for the novel’s thematic exploration of The Racial and Ethnic Tensions of 1920s America. Verble positions the sinkhole as a manifestation of the complex history of the land on which Glendale is built. The cave system was used by Indigenous people in the area as a gravesite, and many graves were disrupted during the construction of the park. The collapse of the caves in the sinkhole mirrors the collapse of society in the years following the Great War. Two Feathers’s injury during the sinkhole collapse also sets up the obstacles that will make her journey as a character more difficult—including isolation and the loss of her routine at Glendale. Throughout the rest of the novel, Two struggles with the consequences of this injury. The sinkhole also catalyzes Clive’s newfound ability to see ghosts and spirits, which Verble describes as an “earthquake-like” shift in “his entire view of existence” (105). Clive’s interactions with the ghosts in the sunken caves force him to reckon with The Lasting Effects of Grief and Trauma, one of the novel’s central themes.
In this section of the novel, strict hierarchies of race, class, and gender continue to appear as a recurring motif for the theme of Racial and Ethnic Tensions in 1920s America. These hierarchies dictate how people of various races, social classes, and genders interact with each other, even in moments of crisis. When groundskeeper Duncan Shelton arrives at Longview to tell the Shacklefords about Two Feathers’s accident, he hesitates before delivering the news after Lewis Shackleford addresses him directly. Social hierarchies dictate that Shelton “should address [Shackleford] first” before his son; however, because Lewis spoke first, Shelton is unsure to whom he should speak. Ultimately, Shelton “looked at the sky” to avoid offending either man (91). The fact that Shelton defers to social hierarchies before delivering news of a possibly fatal accident highlights the deeply ingrained nature of these hierarchies in 1920s Tennessee.
When Shackleford’s wife May and sister-in-law Maggie join the rescue mission to the caves below Glendale, the sisters’ deference to the egos of the men in their party highlights their awareness of the strict gender hierarchy governing their world. Maggie is described as “one of the most prominent suffragists in the South” (94), in addition to being president of several civic organizations. May is described as “as great a force to be reckoned with as was her sister” (96). Because of Maggie’s ferocious driving, the sisters arrive at the mouth of the cave before the men. However, despite their determination and obvious fortitude, the sisters decide to wait until the men arrive to enter the cave, knowing that they “will want to lead” (96).
Similarly, Verble highlights the racial hierarchies dominating the culture of the American South in the debate over which hospital to take Two Feathers to after her injury. Glendale Park is serviced by two hospitals: Protestant Hospital, which is reserved for white people, and Hubbard Hospital, which accepts Black patients. Before loading Two into the ambulance, her rescuers debate where Two belongs. When Clive insists that Two is “not a Negro,” a fireman responds with some disdain that “she’s not white” (106). May Shackleford’s insistence ensures that Two is brought to Protestant, highlighting the power of white privilege and wealth in this historical context. However, while the white hospital admits Two, they keep her separated from other patients. The focus on racial hierarchies in moments of crisis highlights the importance of institutionalized racial oppression in Tennessee in the 1920s.
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