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57 pages 1 hour read

Maggie Nelson

The Argonauts

Maggie NelsonNonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2015

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Pages 56-76Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Pages 56-76 Summary

Describing an old woman she used to see at a Turkish bathhouse, Nelson considers the way in which society views elderly women. In many instances, the very idea of this kind of woman feeling sexual desire is treated as horrific, but other depictions—like the poet Allen Ginsberg’s attempts to imagine himself as his mentally ill mother’s lover—are more complex and even “generous” (56).

As Nelson explores her relationship to literal and figurative mothers, she introduces Christina Crosby: the professor who taught Nelson feminist theory and supervised her thesis despite feeling “a measure of repulsion—at [Nelson’s] interest in the personal made public” (60). Years later, Christina told Nelson a story about a group of students who, “frustrated by the poststructuralist ethos of her teaching” (59), took over the classroom one day and asked everyone to write their identities on their name-tags. The episode reminds Nelson that when she was in school, many of Christina’s students wanted her to “come out in a more public and coherent fashion” (59). Nelson can see both sides of the issue, but is personally grateful she “got sober before [she] got wireless” (61). She admires the candor of people who “intrepidly push at [the] limits” (61) of social media, but fears what she might have revealed under the influence of alcohol.

Next, Nelson discusses two shows she and Dodge attended: an arthouse porn film that spoke to her sexuality in “ways [she] couldn’t name” (64) and a burlesque show they attempted to go to when Iggy was a baby. They were unable to see the latter because the bouncer said Iggy’s presence would spoil the adult atmosphere. Nelson acknowledges the value of “adult nights out” (67), but also felt at the time that the male bouncer was policing female sexuality in some way.

This leads Nelson to Freud’s “Wolf Man” patient, who witnessed his parents having doggy-style sex. Freud’s interpretation focused on the man’s presumed fear of being “castrated” like the mother, while some (male) queer theorists have read the patient as identifying with the mother in a “coded fantasy of gay male sex” (69). By contrast, feminist critics like Susan Fraiman have noted that all these interpretations overlook the mother’s pleasure. Fraiman therefore proposes the figure of the “sodomitical mother”—a mother who also embraces “sexuality in excess of the dutifully instrumental” (69). As an example of “sodomitical maternity,” Nelson describes a 2012 art installation entitled Puppies and Babies, which juxtaposes pregnant and non-pregnant bodies, sexually explicit and non-explicit scenes, children and pets, etc., all united by a common thread of “caretaking” (72).

Finally, Nelson returns to the subject of “homonormativity.” Nelson remains uneasy with conformity, but also suggests that it might actually be the “binary of normative/transgressive that’s unsustainable” (74). Nelson discusses an argument advanced by queer theorists like Lee Edelman, which centers on the idea that reproduction preserves the status quo by weaponizing the supposed needs of future children. According to Nelson, however, it’s not our responsibility to future generations so much as it is the co-opting of that responsibility that poses the problem:

[B]asking in the punk allure of ‘no future’ won’t suffice […] as if all that’s left for us to do is sit back and watch while the gratuitously wealthy and greedy shred our economy and our climate and our planet (76).

Pages 56-76 Analysis

One of the main ways in which Nelson emphasizes the queer or subversive aspects of pregnancy and motherhood is by blurring the lines that conventionally separate one’s identity as a sexual person from their identity as a parent. This is particularly true of this section of The Argonauts, where Nelson introduces Fraiman’s idea of the sodomitical mother: a woman who manages to be both a mother and a fully sexual being who pursues pleasure for its own sake. Nelson expands on this idea, since she proposes also reintroducing the concept of pleasure to procreation itself:

Beholding [Puppies and Babies], I wonder if Fraiman’s sodomitical maternity needs revision. It has been politically important for feminists to underplay the erotics of childbearing in order to make space for erotics elsewhere (i.e. ‘I fuck to come, not to conceive’), but Puppies and Babies eschews such cleavage (72).

Nelson’s discussion of the aging female body is related to this idea of sodomitical maternity, in part because both elderly women and mothers are assumed to be “beyond wanting or being wanted” (57). It’s also related, however, in the sense that—like Puppies and Babies—it doesn’t try to separate eroticism from “the daily work of caretaking and witness” (72). This becomes particularly clear in Nelson’s discussions of two similar but contrasting moments in literature: a character in Jonathan Franzen’s Freedom resenting a middle-aged woman’s attempts to flirt with him and Allen Ginsberg trying to imagine sleeping with his mother, whom he suspects of “trying to make [him] come lay her” (56). Unlike Franzen, who dwells on the impossibility and even foolishness of trying to pretend to be aroused by the aging female body, Ginsberg “cajol[es] himself as far out onto the ledge as he can go […] in pursuit of the limits of generosity. She needs a lover—am I that name?” (56). Nelson’s point here is that recognizing the sexuality of another person and trying to imagine what it would be like to respond to that sexuality can be a caring and affirming act.

Another act Nelson suggests can involve care is writing, although as the following exchange with Dodge demonstrates, she sometimes struggles to write in ways that affirm the experiences of those around her: “[W]hy can’t you just write something that will bear adequate witness to me, to us, to our happiness? Because I do not yet understand the relationship between writing and happiness, or writing and holding” (47). Nelson implies in this section that her interest in personal writing stems partly from her desire to “perform” care in her own work: “I mean writing that dramatizes the ways in which we are for another or by virtue of another, not in a single instance, but from the start and always” (60). One way in which this kind of care can manifest in writing is by offering oneself for others’ use in exploring their own thoughts, feelings, and identities. Nelson’s response to the art house porno is an example of this:

[T]he girl having feathers sewn onto her butt was pretty in an unusual way, and […] her sexuality reminded me of mine in ways I couldn’t name but that moved me. Those parts made that little portal swing open for me: I think we have—and can have—a right to be free (64).
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