54 pages • 1 hour read
Jack KerouacA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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The group passes through Washington D.C. on the same day as Harry Truman’s second inauguration. Even though everyone tells him to drive carefully, Ed’s reckless road manner compels a police officer to pull him over. The officer takes the group to a police station and issues them a $25 fine, although the police want to charge them with more. After paying the fine, the group have only $15 to get across the country. To pay for their gas money, they pick up hitchhikers. The first is a scrawny Jewish man who claims that he has found the Torah in the wild. The second is a depressed young man who pretends that his aunt will give them gas money. Neither of them contributes any money.
The group’s journey takes them through parts of the South. Dean waits until one gas station attendant isn’t looking and steals gas. He also tells the rest of the group about his troubled life. As a boy, he stole rides on freight trains with his alcoholic father, he lost his virginity at the age of nine, and he committed all sorts of crimes. The group passes through Louisiana and visits Bull Lee. His broken-down home on swampy ground at the edges of a town. They’re greeted by Jane Lee, Bull’s wife, who is addicted to Benzedrine. Bull Lee is a drug addict and a writer. He welcomes Sal and the others into his home, while his children run around the yard. Sal recalls how Bull has traveled the world but now spends most of his life experimenting with all kinds of drugs. Among their friends, Bull is the elder and occupies a teacher-like role. Sal and Carlo have both learned a great deal from him.
Bull asks plenty of unanswerable questions of his guests—and gives them plenty of drugs. Dean perturbs him. When they venture out into the bars of New Orleans, Bull carefully selects the most boring establishments possible to prove his theory that bars are not what they once were. That evening, as they all entertain themselves with individual activities, Sal tries to go out to look at the Mississippi River. However, the only view of it he can find is through a fence.
The next day, the group learns more about Bull’s strange habits, as he sets up weird, somewhat violent but also banal experiences in his backyard. For example, they pull nails from a rotting piece of wood and practice throwing knives in his backyard. Also, they listen to Bull talk about Tangiers, and they fight with his neighbors. Afterward, they go to a racetrack, where Bull loses all his bets. Back at Bull’s house, they compete at athletic activities, and Dean emerges as the fastest member of the group. In New Orleans, Dean shows off his skills as a brakeman as the men practice hopping on and off freight trains. They then go their separate ways. Ed and Galatea stay in New Orleans, while Dean, Sal, and Marylou decide to travel to California.
As Sal, Dean, and Marylou travel through Louisiana and then Texas, they must steal to survive. They steal food, gas, and cigarettes whenever possible. One night, they spot a huge fire in the distance and drive without the car’s headlights. As Sal drives, an oncoming car forces them onto the side of the road. The car stops, and its occupants are drunken farm workers who want directions. Sal tells them where to go before he realizes that his car is stuck. He and Dean must push the car out of the mud and then drive on through the night in their filthy car. The next day, they drive through snowy landscapes. At one point, Dean stops the car and runs naked through the undergrowth. On Dean’s insistence, Sal and Marylou also get naked, and they get back into the car. Their naked bodies shock the truckdrivers they pass.
That evening, they stop at a travel bureau in El Paso, Texas. They want to pick up people who can help them pay for gas—but find no one. Sal notices the way Marylou looks at Dean, a look mixed with anger, love, and sadness. They manage to pick up a hitchhiker who says that his aunt in California can give them gas money. As they drive through the mountains in New Mexico, Sal decides to stop the car and pawn his watch. The police again stop them. This time, however, Dean’s antics amuse the officer, and he allows them to continue on their journey. They make a stop in Tucson, where Sal knows a man named Hingham. They borrow $5 from him and resume their journey.
They stop again to pick up another hitchhiker. This man is a musician whose guitar was stolen. However, he promises them that his brother in Bakersfield can give them gas money if they give him a ride. The car passes a women’s prison, and the musician tells a story about a woman who shot her husband. The husband forgave his wife and paid her bail, and then she shot him again. On the way down a mountain, Dean puts the car in neutral to save gas. He carefully tells the passengers which way to lean as they descend 30 miles without using any fuel.
The group arrives in Bakersfield, where Dean’s memories suddenly overcome him. He tells Sal about his youth in the various notorious spots around town. When Sal tries to tell his own story about Terry, Dean is too excited and barely listens. The musician’s brother gives them a few dollars and they drive on to find the house belonging to the hitchhiker’s aunt. When they arrive, however, they find out that the boy’s aunt was sent to prison because she shot her husband. Bidding farewell to the hitchhiker and wishing him the best, they travel on through the hills around San Francisco and along the ocean on the coast. Once they arrive in the city, Dean ditches Sal and Marylou and runs off to find Camille.
Sal and Marylou get a room in a cheap hotel. Although Sal has sensed a burgeoning relationship with her, he discovers that she was just trying to make Dean jealous and has no interest in Sal. On the second night of their stay, she wanders off with a rich man. Sal wanders the city streets on his own. In one odd moment, he mistakes a female store owner for his mother criticizing his lifestyle. Sal is emotionally overwhelmed and staggers back to his room, struggling to cope with the mixture of immense bliss and the sudden realization of his own mortality. Back in his room, he is ravenously hungry. He thinks about all the different odors of food in the city.
Dean returns and leads Sal to meet Camille. They stay with her for a few days. Dean decides to sell pressure cookers, but his scheme doesn’t last long. Instead, Sal and Dean go to see a famous jazz musician named Slim Gaillard play a concert. As Sal gets ready to return east to New York, Dean reunites with Marylou. Sal doesn’t want to spend any more time with the couple, so they go their separate ways. As they part, a slight but palpable hostility passes between them.
Toward the end of Part 2, Sal notices a change in himself. The time he spends with Dean is still rewarding and enjoyable, but Sal notices a lingering doubt about their friendship. He finds himself caught between Dean and Marylou, as well as between Dean and whatever Dean wants to do. As Sal comes to understand, his friendship with Dean and their adventures may be priorities for him, but they’re not priorities for Dean.
The relationship between Sal and Dean is at risk whenever they’re not on the road. When Sal and Dean reach San Francisco, they decide to stay a while. Dean is with Marylou, and he even takes a job trying to sell pressure cookers. Without the relentless forward momentum of their journeys, Dean and Sal begin to irritate one another. They need the distraction and the energy of travel to justify their relationship. Given that they built their friendship on a shared love of adventure, they struggle to live with one another without that element. Dean and Sal love one another when they’re on the road, but they’re not suited to spending time together in a fixed location. This revelation illustrates how travel can add an extra dimension and vivacity to a friendship, wherein the novel creates two separate worlds: on the road and in a fixed place. Sal and Dean’s friendship thrives in the former but struggles in the latter. This is also true for the two men in general, who feel at home only when they’re on the way to somewhere else.
Part 2 of On the Road also hints at greater development for the female characters. The novel focuses primarily on male friendships, thereby relegating most of the women to background characters or inconveniences that hinder the men’s attempts to travel around the country. Sal and Dean castigate Marylou for the crime of sleeping with other men, though both men are more than happy to try and have sex with as many women as possible. This clear double standard for promiscuity shows that both Sal and Dean are hypocrites; all the insults they hurl at Marylou could just as easily apply to them, particularly repeat bigamist Dean. Additionally, Sal tries to understand Marylou’s complicated relationship with Dean. He watches her as she watches Dean, noticing the envious and rueful way in which she regards him. While Dean presented Marylou as a fun, uncomplicated person willing to take part in his adventures, Sal sees that Marylou is swept up in a complicated and tragic relationship of her own. She loves Dean but knows that he will hurt her. She resents Dean for making her fall in love with him, while also resenting the fact that she allowed herself to succumb to his chaotic energy yet again. As Sal is beginning to understand, Dean eventually hurts everyone who loves him. By watching Marylou, Sal comes to realize that he’s not alone in understanding this—or in repeatedly allowing it to happen.
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By Jack Kerouac